Formulation and Physical Characterization of Emulgel Facial Wash Containing a Combination of Almond Oil (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Surfactant / Formulasi dan Karakterisasi Fisik Sediaan Emulgel Facial wash dengan Menggunakan Kombinasi Minyak Almond (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) dan Surfaktan Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

Background: Prunus amygdalus dulcis (almond) is a plant whose seeds produce oil with significant benefits for skin health. Almond oil contains essential compounds, such as oleic acid and other bioactive substances, which possess anti-inflammatory and moisturizing properties, making it a potential ingredient in cosmetic pharmaceutical formulations. Objective: This study aimed to formulate a facial wash containing almond oil and to evaluate its physical and organoleptic characteristics in combination with Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) as a surfactant. Methods: Three emulgel formulations were developed with varying concentrations of almond oil (10%, 15%, 20%) and SLS (1%, 1.5%, 2%). Evaluations included organoleptic tests, pH, viscosity, spreadability, foam height, irritation, and hedonic tests. Results: All formulations exhibited a white color, emulgel texture, and were odorless. Formula F1 had a pH of 7.3, F2 had 8.2, and F3 had 8.6. The highest viscosity was observed in F3 (4,200 cP), optimal spreadability in F2 and F3 (5.9 cm), and the highest foam height in F3 (4.6 cm). Only F1 approached the ideal skin pH range (4.5–6.5), although all formulations passed stability and organoleptic evaluations. Conclusion: Almond oil shows potential as an active ingredient in facial wash formulations. Formula F1 is considered the most suitable based on pH compatibility, while F3 excels in viscosity and foaming properties.

Latar Belakang: Prunus amygdalus dulcis (almond) merupakan tanaman yang bijinya menghasilkan minyak dengan manfaat penting bagi kesehatan kulit. Kandungan utama minyak almond, seperti asam oleat dan senyawa bioaktif lainnya, memiliki sifat anti-inflamasi dan pelembap, sehingga menjadikannya bahan potensial dalam sediaan farmasi kosmetik. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi sediaan facial wash berbasis minyak almond serta mengevaluasi karakteristik fisik dan organoleptiknya dengan kombinasi surfaktan Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS). Metode: Tiga formula emulgel dikembangkan dengan variasi konsentrasi minyak almond (10%, 15%, 20%) dan SLS (1%, 1,5%, 2%). Evaluasi meliputi uji organoleptik, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, tinggi busa, iritasi, dan hedonik. Hasil: Seluruh formula memiliki warna putih, tekstur emulgel, dan tidak berbau. Formula F1 memiliki pH 7,3; F2 sebesar 8,2; dan F3 sebesar 8,6. Viskositas tertinggi ditemukan pada F3 (4.200 cP), daya sebar optimal pada F2 dan F3 (5,9 cm), serta tinggi busa tertinggi pada F3 (4,6 cm). Hanya F1 yang mendekati rentang pH ideal untuk kulit (4,5–6,5), namun seluruh formula lolos uji stabilitas dan organoleptik. Kesimpulan: Minyak almond memiliki potensi sebagai bahan aktif dalam formulasi facial wash. Formula F1 dinilai paling sesuai berdasarkan kesesuaian pH, sementara F3 unggul dalam viskositas dan pembentukan busa.