Characteristics and antibacterial activity of cengkeh leaf essential oil from cluwak region against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria ATCC 25923 / Karakteristik dan aktivitas antibakteri minyak atsiri daun cengkeh dari daerah cluwak terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923

Essential oil is a potential wealth of Indonesia's natural resources as a raw material for medicines and cosmetics. Cengkeh leaf essential oil contains the main component of eugenol as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics and antibacterial activity of cengkeh leaf essential oil from Cluwak region against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 bacteria. Cengkeh leaf essential oil was distilled by water vapor distillation method. Characterization of essential oil was performed on refractive index, optical rotation, and compound component analysis by GC-MS. Antibacterial activity was tested by the well diffusion method to obtain the diameter of inhibition at each concentration. Cengkeh leaf essential oil has a refractive index of 1.5303 and an optical rotation of 0.55. Analysis of the main components of the essential oil contains 7 main compound components with the highest compound m-eugenol. The diameter values of inhibition in antibacterial activity with concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 40% were 9.44 mm, 11.48 mm, and 12.37 mm, respectively. The characteristics of the essential oil are in accordance with the standard and the antibacterial activity is categorized as weak inhibition.

Minyak atsiri menjadi potensi kekayaan sumber daya alam Indonesia sebagai bahan baku obat-obatan maupun kosmetik. Minyak atsiri daun cengkeh mengandung komponen utama eugenol sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik dan aktivitas antibakteri minyak atsiri daun cengkeh yang berasal dari daerah Cluwak terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Minyak atsiri daun cengkeh disuling dengan metode distilasi uap air. Karakteristik minyak atsiri dilakukan pada indeks bias, rotasi optik, dan analis komponen senyawa dengan GC-MS. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji dengan metode difusi sumuran untuk mendapatkan diameter daya hambat pada setiap konsentrasi. Minyak atsiri daun cengkeh memiliki indeks bias 1,5303 dan putaran optik 0,55. Analisis komponen utama minyak atsiri daun cengkeh mengandung 7 komponen senyawa utama dengan senyawa tertinggi m-eugenol. Nilai diameter daya hambat pada aktivitas antibakteri dengan konsentrasi 10%, 20%, dan 40% berturut-turut adalah 9.44 mm, 11.48 mm, dan 12.37 mm. Karakteristik minyak atsiri daun cengkeh sesuai standar dan aktivitas antibakteri masih tergolong daya hambat yang lemah.