Isolation of flavonoid compounds from spider lily (Crinum asiaticum L.) leaves / Isolasi senyawa flavonoid dari daun bakung (Crinum asiaticum L.)

Introduction Sprains and fractured bones are treated with spider lily leaves (Crinum asiaticum L.). Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and triterpenoids are among the chemical components found in spider lily leaves. The most significant phytochemicals in plants with wide biological advantages for humans are bioactive flavonoids. The purpose of: The study aimed to isolate flavonoid components from spider lily leaves. Methods: This study was descriptive, using the following steps: plant material collection and preparation, sample processing, simplicia characterization, extract preparation, phytochemical screening, hydrolysis, fractionation, analysis using paper chromatography (KKt), and compound isolation using preparative paper chromatography. The isolates were tested for purity using one-way and two-way KKt, and they were identified using UV-Vis spectrophotometry with a shear reagent. The results: The results of the characterization showed that the water content was 7.21%, the water-soluble extract was 11.21%, the ethanol-soluble extract was 9.23%, the total ash content was 1.99%, and the acid-insoluble ash content was 0.81%. The screening findings indicated the presence of flavonoid chemicals. The KKt analysis results revealed that the best mobile phase was 5% acetic acid with ammonia vapor specks, and the preparative KKt isolation results yielded a single blue isolate, which was then identified by UV-Vis spectrophotometry using a shear reagent, resulting in maximum wavelength absorption (max) at band II of 253nm, presumably identifying the isoflavone group of flavonoids. Conclusion: The conclusion showed the ethyl acetate fraction of spider lily leaves could be separated using paper chromatography and that identification by spectrophotometry UV-Vis using a shear reagent wasolate, which was assumed to be an isoflavone group component.

Pendahuluan: Daun bakung (Crinum asiaticum L.) digunakan untuk obat terkilir dan patah tulang. Kandungan senyawa kimia yang terdapat dalam daun bakung yaitu senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, steroid, triterpenoid. Bioaktif flavonoid dianggap sebagai fitokimia terpenting dalam tumbuhan yang memiliki manfaat biologis bagi manusia secara luas. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian untuk mengisolasi senyawa flavonoid dari daun bakung (Crinum asiaticum L.). Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif, penelitian meliputi pengumpulan dan penyiapan bahan tumbuhan, pengolahan sampel, karakterisasi simplisia, pembuatan ekstrak, skrining fitokimia, hidrolisis, fraksinasi, analisis menggunakan kromatografi kertas (KKt), isolasi senyawa menggunakan kromatografi kertas (KKt) preparatif. Isolat yang diperoleh diuji kemurniannya dengan KKt satu arah dan dua arah, isolat diidentifikasi secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis menggunakan pereaksi geser. Hasil: Hasil karakterisasi diperoleh kadar air 7,21%, kadar sari larut air 11,21%, kadar sari larut etanol 9,23%, kadar abu total 1,99%, kadar abu tidak larut asam 0,81%. Hasil skirining diperoleh positif mengandung senyawa flavonoid. Hasil analisis KKt diperoleh fase gerak terbaik adalah asam asetat 5% dengan penampak bercak uap ammonia, hasil isolasi KKt preparatif diperoleh satu isolat tunggal berwarna biru yang selanjutnya diidentifikasi dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis menggunakan pereaksi geser, menghasilkan serapan panjang gelombang maksimum (λ maks) pada pita II sebesar 253 nm yang diduga bahwa isolat yang diidentifikasi adalah flavonoid golongan isoflavon. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan penelitian fraksi etil asetat daun bakung dapat diisolasi menggunakan kromatografi kertas dan hasil identifikasi secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis menggunakan pereaksi geser isolat diduga senyawa golongan isoflavon.