Antibacterial activity test of formulation transparent solid soap extract belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) leaf against bacteria Cutibacterium acnes / Uji aktivitas antibakteri formulasi sediaan sabun padat transparan ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) terhadap bakteri Cutibacterium acnes

Acne is a skin disease that begins with an increase in sebum production which is exacerbated by an attack by the Cutibacterium acnes bacteria. Currently, there are many anti-acne preparations, one of which is in the form of soap, but only a few contain natural herbs. One plant that has an active substance or agent that has the potential to prevent and treat acne leaves belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bililmbi L.) with its antibacterial properties. Besides having the potential to prevent and treat acne, this plant is also very easy to find in Indonesia. This research was conducted to see whether starfruit leaf extract could be formulated as soap preparation and whether it had antibacterial properties against Cutibacterium acnes. The research method for fresh starfruit leaves was made into Simplicia and extracted using 96% ethanol, phytochemical screening was carried out on fresh starfruit leaves and extracts. Transparent solid soap formulation with belimbing wuluh leaf extract with concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%. Evaluation preparations included physical quality tests, pH tests, foam height and stability tests, skin moisture tests, irritation tests, Panelist preference tests, and antibacterial activity against Cutibacterium acnes. The results and conclusions show that fresh starfruit leaves and extracts contain compounds belonging to class alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids, and glycosides. Belimbing wuluh leaf extract can be formulated into transparent solid soap preparation, has a distinctive aroma extract, is homogeneous, pH 9-11, with spreadability 26-29mm. Antibacterial activity included the insensitive category at all concentrations. The panelist's preferred formula was preparation with a concentration of 2.5%

Jerawat, adalah suatu penyakit kulit yang terjadi diawali dengan peningkatan produksi sebum diperparah karena adanya serangan bakteri Cutibacterium acnes. Saat ini banyak sediaan antijerawat, salah satunya dalam berbentuk sabun, tetapi masih sedikit yang mengandung herbal yang alami. Salah satu tanaman yang mempunyai zat aktif atau agen yang berpotensi dapat mencegah dan mengobati jerawat adalah daun belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bililmbi L.) dengan sifat zat antibakterinya. Selain memiliki potensi dalam mencegah dan mengobati jerawat, tanaman ini juga sangat mudah ditemui di Indonesia. Dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk melihat apakah ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh dapat diformulasikan sebagai sediaan sabun dan apakah memiliki sifat antibakteri terhadap bakteri Cutibacterium acnes. Metode penelitian daun belimbing wuluh segar dibuat menjadi simplisia dan diekstraksi menggunakan etanol 96%, skrining fitokimia dilakukan terhadap daun belimbing wuluh segar dan ekstrak. Formulasi sabun padat transparan ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh dengan konsentrasi 2,5%, 5% dan 7,5%. Evaluasi sediaan meliputi uji mutu fisik sediaan, uji pH, uji tinggi dan stabilitas busa, uji kelembaban kulit, uji iritasi, uji kesukaan Panelis (hedonic test) dan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Cutibacterium acnes. Hasil penelitian dan kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa daun belimbing wuluh segar dan ekstrak mengandung senyawa golongan alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, steroid/triterpenoid, dan glikosida. Ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh dapat diformulasikan kedalam sediaan sabun padat transparan, mempunyai aroma khas ekstrak, homogen, pH 9-11, dengan daya sebar 26- 29 mm. Aktivitas antibakteri termasuk kategori sensitif pada semua konsentrasi. Formula yang di sukai panelis adalah sediaan dengan konsentrasi 2,5%.