Antidiabetic Effect of N-Hexane, Ethyl Acetate, and Water Fractions of Clitoria ternatea L. on Streptozotocin-Nikotinamide Induced Rats / Efek Antidiabetes Fraksi N-Heksana, Etil Asetat, Dan Air Dari Bunga Telang (Clitoria Ternatea L.) Pada Tikus Jantan yang Diinduksi Streptozotocin-Nikotinamid

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels. Increased blood glucose levels are caused by impaired insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, or both. The therapeutic target of the treatment of diabetes mellitus is controlled blood glucose levels, so that the treatment is carried out continuously and for a long time. The side effects of synthetic drugs in diabetes mellitus cause impaired kidney function, and also hypoglycemia. One alternative therapy that has fewer side effects and is safe is treatment with natural herbs. Clitoria Ternatea L. contains polar compounds such as anthocyanin flavonoids, which have antidiabetic activity. Fractionation is necessary to be able to separate compounds based on the level of polarity. This study aims to determine whether there is a hypoglycemic effect on the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions of the ethanol extract of butterfly pea flower in test animals induced by streptozotocin-nicotinamide. Wistar strain male rats were used. 30 rats were divided into 6 treatment groups consisting of normal, positive, and negative groups; the n-hexane fraction test preparation group; ethyl acetate fraction; and the water fraction group. The GOD-PAP method was used to measure blood glucose samples. The obtained blood glucose data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test. This study showed that the entire treatment group of the n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction at a dose of 400mg/KgBW had antidiabetic activity in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-induced test animals with an average glucose level in the n-hexane fraction of 113.89 mg/dL, the fraction ethyl acetate of 109.72 mg/dL, and the water fraction of 135.41 mg/dL. Based on the analysis of the post-hoc LSD test on day 14, the n-hexane fraction group and the ethyl acetate group at a dose of 400 mg/KgBW did not have a significant difference with the positive control.
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels. Increased blood glucose levels are caused by impaired insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, or both. The therapeutic target of the treatment of diabetes mellitus is controlled blood glucose levels, so that the treatment is carried out continuously and for a long time. The side effects of synthetic drugs in diabetes mellitus cause impaired kidney function, and also hypoglycemia. One alternative therapy that has fewer side effects and is safe is treatment with natural herbs. Clitoria Ternatea L. contains polar compounds such as anthocyanin flavonoids, which have antidiabetic activity. Fractionation is necessary to be able to separate compounds based on the level of polarity. This study aims to determine whether there is a hypoglycemic effect on the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions of the ethanol extract of butterfly pea flower in test animals induced by streptozotocin-nicotinamide. Wistar strain male rats were used. 30 rats were divided into 6 treatment groups consisting of normal, positive, and negative groups; the n-hexane fraction test preparation group; ethyl acetate fraction; and the water fraction group. The GOD-PAP method was used to measure blood glucose samples. The obtained blood glucose data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test. This study showed that the entire treatment group of the n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction at a dose of 400mg/KgBW had antidiabetic activity in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-induced test animals with an average glucose level in the n-hexane fraction of 113.89 mg/dL, the fraction ethyl acetate of 109.72 mg/dL, and the water fraction of 135.41 mg/dL. Based on the analysis of the post-hoc LSD test on day 14, the n-hexane fraction group and the ethyl acetate group at a dose of 400 mg/KgBW did not have a significant difference with the positive control.

Diabetes melitus adalah salah satu penyakit metabolik yang ditandai dengan meingkatnya kadar glukosa darah. Peningkatan kadar glukosa darah disebabkan karena adanya gangguan sekresi insulin, sensitifitas insulin, atau keduanya. Target terapi dari pengobatan diabetes militus adalah kadar glukosa darah yang terkontrol, sehingga pengobatan dilakukan secara terus menerus dan jangka waktu yang lama. Efek samping obat sintetik pada diabetes militus  menyebabkan gangguan fungsi ginjal, dan juga hipoglikemia.
Salah satu alternatif terapi yang memiliki efek samping lebih sedikit dan aman ialah pengobatan dengan bahan alam. Bunga telang mengandung senyawa polar seperti flavonoid antosianin yang mempunyai aktivitas antidiabetes. Untuk dapat memisahkan senyawa berdasarkan tingkat kepolaran perlu dilakukan fraksinasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat ada tidaknya efek hipoglikemi pada fraksi n-heksan, etil asetat dan air ekstrak etanol bunga telang pada hewan uji yang diinduksi Streptozotocin-Nicotinamid. Digunakan tikus jantan galur wistar 30 tikus terbagi dalam 6 kelompok perlakuan terdiri atas kelompok normal, positif, negatif, kelompok sediaan uji fraksi n-heksana, fraksi etil asetat dan kelompok fraksi air. Metode GOD-PAP digunakan untuk mengukur sampel glukosa darah. Data glukosa darah yang didapat dianalisa menggunakan uji One way ANOVA. Penelitian ini menunjukkan seluruh kelompok perlakuan fraksi n-heksan, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi air dengan dosis 400mg/KgBB memiliki aktivitas antidiabetes pada hewan uji yang diinduksi Streptozotocin-Nicotinamid dengan rata-rata kadar glukosa pada fraksi n-heksan 113.89 mg/dL, fraksi etil asetat 109.72 mg/dL, dan fraksi air 135.41 mg/dL. Berdasarkan analisa uji lanjut Post-Hoc LSD pada hari ke-14, kelompok fraksi n-heksan dan kelompok etil asetat dosis 400 mg/KgBB tidak memiliki perbedaan signifikan terhadap kontrol positif.