Associated Food Pattern and Nutritional Status with the Incidence of Hypertension in the Elderly at Sultan Daulat Health Centre Subulussalam / Hubungan Pola Makan Dan Status Gizi Terhadap Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Lansia Di Puskesmas Sultan Daulat Kota Subulussalam

Background: Hypertension is a chronic disorder in which blood pressure in the blood vessels rises. Hypertension is characterized as having a systolic pressure of more than 140 mmHg and a diastolic pressure greater than 90 mmHg. The study aimed to assess the impact of food and nutritional status on the prevalence of hypertension in the elderly at Sultan Daulat Health Centre in Subulussalam City. The study was an analytic observational design with a case control. All older adults at the Sultan Daulat Health Centre in Subulussalam City who were hypertensive or not were included in the research. The case sample consisted of 22 hypertensive respondents, while the control sample consisted of 22 non-hypertensive respondents. The chi-square statistical test was used to assess data bivariately The results showed that there was a relationship between diet with a p-value of 0.004 <05 and OR 7.600 (95% CI) 1.732 – 33.347, fat intake with a p-value of 0.001 <05 and OR 13.571 (95% CI) 2.991 – 61.586, sodium intake with a p-value 0.000<05 and OR 12.000 (95% CI) 2.862 – 50.306 and nutritional status with a p-value of 0.002<05 and OR 9.643 (95% CI) 2.362 – 39.365 with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly at the Sultan Daulat Health Centre, Subulussalam. This study's recommendations were intended to regulate a balanced diet, minimize consumption of foods high in fat and sodium, and eat foods high in fiber to control excess body weight.

Latar belakang: Hipertensi adalah suatu keadaan ketika tekanan darah di pembuluh darah meningkat secara kronis. Hipertensi didefinisikan dimana tekanan sistolik di atas 140 mmHg dan diastolik diatas 90 mmHg. Tujuan peneliti untuk mengetahui hubungan pola makan dan status gizi terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada lansia di Puskesmas Sultan Daulat Kota Subulussalam. Penelitian bersifat observasional analitik dengan desain case control. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh lansia di Puskesmas Sultan Daulat Kota Subulussalam yang penderita hipertensi dan tidak hipertensi. Sampel kasus adalah penderita hipertensi 22 responden dan sampel kontrol adalah bukan penderita hipertensi 22 responden. Data dianalisis secara bivariat dengan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil penelitian terdapat hubungan antara pola makan dengan p-value 0,004<05 dan OR 7,600 (95% CI) 1,732 – 33,347, asupan lemak dengan p-value 0,001<05 dan OR 13,571 (95% CI) 2,991 – 61,586, asupan natrium dengan p-value 0,000<05 dan OR 12,000 (95% CI) 2,862 – 50,306 dan status gizi dengan p-value 0,002<05 dan OR 9,643 (95% CI) 2,362 – 39,365 dengan kejadian hipertensi pada lansia di Puskesmas Sultan Daulat Kota Subulussalam. Saran dari penelitian ini diharapkan mengatur pola makan seimbang, mengurangi mengonsumsi makanan yang mengandung lemak dan tinggi natrium, dan makan makanan kaya serat untuk mengendalikan berat badan yang berlebih..