Study of Antibacterial Activity of Strawberry Leaf Ethanol Extract (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier) Against Propionibacterium acnes Bacteria / Studi Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier) Terhadap Bakteri Propionibacterium acnes

Background; Strawberry leaves (Fragaria x ananassa (Westo) Rozier) contain tannin, flavonoids; secondary metabolites which have antibacterial properties, whereby the flavonoids can disrupt the function of the bacterial cell wall, while the tannins can inhibit microbial extracellular enzymes. Method; Experimental research with the maceration method using 70% ethanol. The ethanol extract of strawberry leaves (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier) was used in this study, and it was tested for the simple characteristic test, the phytochemical screening test, and the antibacterial activity test using the disc diffusion method with sample concentrations of 10%, 12%, and 14%. Results; The results obtained from the simplicial characteristic test showed that the simplicial met the requirements for the water content test, water-soluble essence test, ethanol-soluble extract content test, total ash content test, and acid-soluble ash content test. The phytochemical screening showed that strawberry leaves contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The antibacterial activity test showed that the ethanol extract of strawberry leaves (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier) had an inhibitory effect on the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria with an extract concentration of 10%, 12%, and 14% showing a diameter of inhibition zone of 17.3 mm respectively, 17.78 mm and 19.08 mm. Conclusion; The results of the research on the optimal concentration of the ethanol extract of Strawberry leaves (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier) against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria at a concentration of 14% resulted in a diameter of 19.08 mm inhibition zone, this antibacterial activity is in a strong category.

Pendahuluan; Daun stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier) mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder tannin dan flavonoid yang memiliki sifat antibakteri, dimana flavonoid dapat menyebabkan terganggunya fungsi dinding sel bakteri, sedangkan tanin dapat menghambat enzim ekstraseluler mikroba. Metode; Penelitian eksperimental, dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Sampel penelitian ini adalah ekstrak etanol daun stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier), lalu dilakukan uji karakteristik simplisia, uji skrining fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram dengan konsentrasi sampel 10%, 12%, 14%.
Hasil; Hasil yang diperoleh dari uji karakteristik simplisia menunjukkan bahwa simplisia memenuhi syarat uji kadar air, uji kadar sari larut air, uji kadar sari larut etanol, uji kadar abu total, dan uji kadar abu larut asam. Hasil skrining fitokima menunjukkan bahwa daun stroberi positif mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, dan saponin. Uji aktivitas anti bakteri menunjukkan kalau ekstrak etanol daun stroberi (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier) mempunyai daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 10%, 12% dan 14% menunjukkan diameter zona hambat  berturut-turut sebesar 17,3 mm, 17,78 mm dan 19,08 mm. Kesimpulan; Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi optimal ekstrak etanol daun Stroberi  (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Rozier) terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes pada konsentrasi 14% menghasilkan diammeter zona hambat sebesar 19,08 mm, aktivitas antibakteri ini masuk kategori kuat.