Formulation and Evaluation of Liquid Scrub Soap from Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Fruit Juice / Formulasi Dan Evaluasi Sediaan Sabun Cair Scrub Dari Sari Buah Melon (Cucumis melo L.)

Melon fruit (Cucumis melo L.) contains bioactive compounds such as vitamin C, β-carotene, flavonoids, polyphenols, pectin, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme that theoretically have potential antioxidant and skin care benefits in topical preparations. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the physical quality of liquid scrub soap from melon fruit juice at varying concentrations of 0% (F0/blank), 5% (F1), 10% (F2), and 15% (F3), using coffee grounds as a natural exfoliating agent. Physical quality evaluations included organoleptic testing, foam height and stability, pH, and viscosity according to SNI 06-4085-1996. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD post-hoc test (α=0.05). Organoleptic results showed all formulas were white, liquid, melon-scented, and contained brown scrub granules. One-Way ANOVA showed that melon fruit juice concentration significantly affected all tested parameters (p<0.05). The average pH of F1, F2, and F3 were 8.53±0.06ᵇ, 9.17±0.12ᶜ, and 9.77±0.06ᵈ, meeting SNI requirements (pH 8–11). Average foam heights of F1, F2, and F3 were 105.00±1.00ᵇ mm, 125.67±1.53ᶜ mm, and 154.00±2.65ᵈ mm, with foam stability of 82.27±1.76ᵃᵇ%, 85.13±0.32ᵇᶜ%, and 87.03±1.47ᶜ%, all meeting SNI standards (13–220 mm) and stability threshold ≥70%. Viscosity of F1, F2, and F3 were 1,633±57.74ᵇ cP, 2,000±100.00ᶜ cP, and 2,567±57.74ᵈ cP, within the acceptable range (400–4,000 cP). Tukey HSD confirmed significant differences among all formulas for pH, foam height, and viscosity parameters. It was concluded that melon fruit juice can be successfully formulated into a liquid scrub soap and all formulas met the established physical quality requirements. Formula F3 at 15% concentration produced the best results. Further research is needed to evaluate the biological activity of the preparation, including antioxidant testing, exfoliation efficacy, and skin irritation studies.

Buah melon (Cucumis melo L.) mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti vitamin C, β-karoten, flavonoid, polifenol, pektin, dan enzim superoksida dismutase (SOD) yang secara teoritis berpotensi memberikan manfaat antioksidan dan perawatan kulit pada sediaan topikal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan dan mengevaluasi mutu fisik sediaan sabun cair scrub dari sari buah melon dengan variasi konsentrasi 0% (F0/blanko), 5% (F1), 10% (F2), dan 15% (F3), menggunakan ampas kopi sebagai agen eksfoliator alami. Evaluasi mutu fisik meliputi uji organoleptis, tinggi busa, stabilitas busa, pH, dan viskositas sesuai SNI 06-4085-1996. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji One-Way ANOVA dilanjutkan uji post-hoc Tukey HSD (α=0,05). Hasil uji organoleptis menunjukkan seluruh formula berwarna putih, berbentuk cair, beraroma melon, dan mengandung butiran scrub berwarna coklat. Hasil One-Way ANOVA menunjukkan konsentrasi sari buah melon berpengaruh signifikan (p<0,05) terhadap seluruh parameter yang diuji. Nilai pH rata-rata F1, F2, dan F3 berturut-turut adalah 8,53±0,06ᵇ; 9,17±0,12ᶜ; dan 9,77±0,06ᵈ, memenuhi persyaratan SNI (pH 8–11). Tinggi busa rata-rata F1, F2, dan F3 adalah 105,00±1,00ᵇ mm; 125,67±1,53ᶜ mm; dan 154,00±2,65ᵈ mm, dengan stabilitas busa 82,27±1,76ᵃᵇ%; 85,13±0,32ᵇᶜ%; dan 87,03±1,47ᶜ%, seluruhnya memenuhi standar SNI (13–220 mm) dan nilai stabilitas ≥70%. Viskositas F1, F2, dan F3 berturut-turut adalah 1.633±57,74ᵇ cP; 2.000±100,00ᶜ cP; dan 2.567±57,74ᵈ cP, memenuhi rentang standar sabun cair (400–4.000 cP). Uji Tukey HSD mengonfirmasi seluruh formula berbeda nyata pada parameter pH, tinggi busa, dan viskositas. Disimpulkan bahwa sari buah melon dapat diformulasikan menjadi sediaan sabun cair scrub dan seluruh formula memenuhi persyaratan mutu fisik yang ditetapkan. Formula terbaik adalah F3 dengan konsentrasi 15%. Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan untuk membuktikan aktivitas biologis sediaan, termasuk uji antioksidan, uji efektivitas eksfoliasi, dan uji iritasi kulit.