Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) in outpatients with hypertension at Ridge Community Health Center, Samofa District, Biak Regency, Papua Province, 2025 / Drug Related Problems (DRPs) pada pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di Puskesmas Ridge Kecamatan Distrik Samofa Kabupaten Biak Provinsi Papua Tahun 2025

Background: Hypertension is a chronic condition requiring long-term pharmacotherapy, which increases the risk of Drug-Related Problems (DRPs), particularly in outpatient settings. Limited data exist regarding DRPs in primary healthcare facilities in eastern Indonesia, especially Papua Province. Objective: This study aimed to identify and describe DRPs, including subtherapeutic dosage, supratherapeutic dosage, ineffective drug, inappropriate drug combination, and drug interactions, among hypertensive outpatients at Ridge Community Health Center, Samofa District, Biak Regency, Papua Province, in 2025. Methods: A non-experimental descriptive study with a retrospective design was conducted using medical records and prescription data from hypertensive outpatients. A total of 96 prescriptions were selected through simple random sampling from the January–May 2025 period. DRPs were evaluated based on the National Guidelines for Medical Services (PNPK) for Hypertension 2021, the British National Formulary (BNF), and the Drug Information Handbook, while drug interactions were assessed using Lexicomp® Drug Interactions and Medscape. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: No DRPs were identified in the categories of subtherapeutic dosage, supratherapeutic dosage, or ineffective drug. Inappropriate drug combinations were observed in 15 patients (15.6%), while 81 patients (84.4%) had no such issues. Drug interactions were also identified in 15 patients (15.6%), involving amlodipine-simvastatin and candesartan-ibuprofen combinations. All cases of inappropriate drug combinations concurrently exhibited potential drug interactions. Conclusion: DRPs among hypertensive outpatients at Ridge Community Health Center were predominantly characterized by inappropriate drug combinations and drug interactions, while dosage-related problems were absent. These findings underscore the need for systematic prescription review and routine drug interaction screening in primary care settings to optimize antihypertensive therapy outcomes and ensure patient safety.

Latar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan kondisi kronis yang memerlukan terapi farmakologi jangka panjang, sehingga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya Drug-Related Problems (DRPs), khususnya pada pelayanan rawat jalan. Data mengenai DRPs di fasilitas kesehatan primer di wilayah Indonesia Timur, khususnya Provinsi Papua, masih sangat terbatas. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan DRPs yang meliputi dosis sub-terapi, dosis supra-terapi, obat tidak efektif, kombinasi obat tidak tepat, dan interaksi obat pada pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di Puskesmas Ridge Kecamatan Distrik Samofa Kabupaten Biak Provinsi Papua tahun 2025. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif non-eksperimental dengan desain retrospektif dilakukan dengan menggunakan data rekam medis dan resep pasien hipertensi rawat jalan. Sebanyak 96 resep dipilih melalui teknik simple random sampling dari periode Januari–Mei 2025. Evaluasi DRPs dilakukan berdasarkan Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Kedokteran (PNPK) Hipertensi 2021, British National Formulary (BNF), dan Drug Information Handbook, sedangkan interaksi obat dinilai menggunakan Lexicomp® Drug Interactions dan Medscape. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil: Tidak ditemukan DRPs pada kategori dosis sub-terapi, dosis supra-terapi, maupun obat tidak efektif. Kombinasi obat tidak tepat ditemukan pada 15 pasien (15,6%), sedangkan 81 pasien (84,4%) tidak mengalami masalah tersebut. Interaksi obat juga teridentifikasi pada 15 pasien (15,6%), melibatkan kombinasi amlodipin-simvastatin dan candesartan-ibuprofen. Seluruh kasus kombinasi obat tidak tepat menunjukkan potensi interaksi obat. Kesimpulan: DRPs pada pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di Puskesmas Ridge sebagian besar berupa kombinasi obat tidak tepat dan interaksi obat, sedangkan masalah terkait dosis tidak ditemukan. Temuan ini menegaskan perlunya penelaahan resep secara sistematis dan skrining interaksi obat secara rutin di fasilitas pelayanan primer untuk mengoptimalkan luaran terapi antihipertensi dan menjamin keselamatan pasien.