In-Vivo Study of the Potential of Akway Leaf Extract (Drimys cf. piperita) as an Antihyperglycemia / Studi In-Vivo Potensi Ekstrak Daun Akway (Drimys cf. piperita) Sebagai Antihiperglikemia

Background : Hyperglycemia is a metabolic condition characterized by an increase in blood glucose levels above normal limits and is the main characteristic of diabetes mellitus, a chronic disease with a prevalence that continues to increase in various countries. The akway plant (Drimys cf piperita.) is endemic to the Sorong Mountains, Southwest Papua . Its leaves are known to contain various bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. Purpose: This study aims to test the ability of akway leaf extract to lower blood sugar levels in vivo in white mice that were previously raised glucose levels through glucose solution. Method : This study design is an experimental laboratory with five treatment groups, namely negative control (Na-CMC 0.5 mg), positive control (glibenclamide 3 mg), and three groups of akway leaf extracts, each at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW. Hyperglycemia was induced for 7 days using a glucose solution. Blood glucose measurements were performed at 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes using a glucometer. Data analysis used One-Way ANOVA followed by a post -LSD test. Results: Akway leaf extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW provided the highest reduction in blood glucose, namely 54.24%, which was statistically significant (<0.05) and even better than glibenclamide (51.15%). Meanwhile, a dose of 400 mg/kBW actually produced lower effectiveness (45.85%). Implications: Akway leaf extract has been proven to have antihyperglycemic activity with an optimal dose of 200 mg/kgBW.

Background : Hiperglikemia merupakan kondisi metabolik yang ditandai oleh peningkatan kadar glukosa darah di atas batas normal dan menjadi karakteristik utama pada diabetes melitus, suatu penyakit kronis dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat di berbagai negara. Tanaman akway (Drimys cf. piperita) tumbuh endemik di Pegunungan Sorong, Papua Barat Daya. Daunnya mengandung flavonoid, tanin, saponin, dan alkaloid. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efek ekstrak daun akway dalam menurunkan gula darah secara in vivo pada mencit putih yang sebelumnya kadar glukosanya dinaikkan menggunakan larutan glukosa. Metode: Rancangan penelitian bersifat eksperimental laboratorium dengan lima kelompok: kontrol negatif (Na-CMC 0,5 mg), kontrol positif (glibenklamid 3 mg), serta tiga kelompok ekstrak daun akway dosis 100, 200, dan 400 mg/kgBB. Hiperglikemia diinduksi selama 7 hari dengan larutan glukosa. Kadar glukosa darah diukur pada menit ke-30, 60, 90, 120, dan 150 menggunakan glukometer. Analisis data memakai One-Way ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD. Hasil: Ekstrak dosis 200 mg/kgBB memberikan penurunan glukosa darah tertinggi (54,24%), berbeda bermakna secara statistik (p<0,05) dan bahkan lebih baik dari glibenklamid (51,15%). Sementara dosis 400 mg/kgBB justru menghasilkan efektivitas lebih rendah (45,85%). Kesimpulan: Ekstrak daun akway terbukti memiliki aktivitas antihiperglikemia dengan dosis optimal 200 mg/kgBB.