Formulation, Evaluation, and Determination of SPF Value of a Body Lotion Containing Ethanolic Extract of Arabica Coffee (Longberry Variety) / Formulasi, Evaluasi Dan Penentuan Nilai SPF Sediaan Body Lotion Ekstrak Etanol Kopi Arabika Jenis Longberry

Background: Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause skin damage such as erythema, premature aging, and skin cancer. Although sunscreens are widely used, synthetic UV filters may cause side effects. Therefore, alternative natural ingredients with antioxidant activity are needed, such as Arabica coffee beans (Coffea arabica), which are rich in polyphenols, particularly chlorogenic acid, as potential sunscreen agents. Objective: This study aims to formulate a body lotion containing ethanol extract of longberry-type Arabica coffee beans, evaluate its physical properties, and determine its Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value in vitro. Methods: This experimental study included phytochemical screening, extraction using 96% ethanol, and SPF determination using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer with the Mansur method. The body lotion was formulated with varying extract concentrations of 0–3% and evaluated for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesiveness, emulsion type, stability, and irritation test. Results: The extract contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and glycosides. The highest SPF value of the extract was 36.727 at a concentration of 1000 ppm (ultra protection category). The best formulation was found at a 3% concentration with an SPF value of 10.554 (maximum protection category). All formulations met physical quality requirements and showed no irritation. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of longberry-type Arabica coffee beans has potential as a natural sunscreen active ingredient. Increasing the extract concentration is directly proportional to the increase in SPF value, with the 3% formulation showing the best performance.

kanker kulit. Meskipun tabir surya banyak digunakan, bahan UV filter sintetik berpotensi menimbulkan efek samping. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan alternatif bahan alami yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan, seperti biji kopi arabika (Coffea arabica) yang kaya polifenol, khususnya asam klorogenat, sebagai kandidat agen tabir surya. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan body lotion yang mengandung ekstrak etanol biji kopi arabika jenis longberry, mengevaluasi sifat fisiknya, serta menentukan nilai Sun Protection Factor (SPF) secara in vitro. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental meliputi skrining fitokimia, ekstraksi menggunakan etanol 96%, serta penentuan nilai SPF menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis metode Mansur. Sediaan body lotion diformulasikan dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak 0–3% dan dievaluasi meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, daya lekat, tipe emulsi, stabilitas, dan uji iritasi. Hasil: Ekstrak mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, steroid, dan glikosida. Nilai SPF tertinggi ekstrak sebesar 36,727 pada konsentrasi 1000 ppm (kategori proteksi ultra). Formulasi terbaik terdapat pada konsentrasi 3% dengan nilai SPF 10,554 (kategori proteksi maksimal). Seluruh sediaan memenuhi persyaratan mutu fisik dan tidak menunjukkan iritasi. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol biji kopi arabika jenis longberry berpotensi sebagai bahan aktif tabir surya alami. Peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan nilai SPF, dengan formulasi 3% menunjukkan performa terbaik.