Analysis of Albumin Levels and Protein Profile of Toman Fish (Channa Micropeltes) from South Kalimantan / Analisis Kadar Albumin dan Profil Protein Ikan Toman (Channa Micropeltes) dari Kalimantan Selatan

Toman fish (Channa micropeltes) is a freshwater fish widely found in Kalimantan and known for its high nutritional value, particularly its albumin and omega-3 fatty acid content. However, studies regarding the metabolite profile and albumin levels of this species are still limited compared with other snakehead fish species. This study aimed to analyze the protein profile and determine the albumin levels of toman fish collected from three regions in South Kalimantan, namely Barito Kuala, Banjarmasin, and Banjarbaru. Albumin extraction was carried out using the Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE) method. Qualitative characterization of protein functional groups was performed using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in the range of 4000–400 cm⁻¹, while quantitative determination of albumin levels was conducted using UV–Vis spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 642 nm with bromocresol green (BCG) reagent. The results showed that the highest albumin level was obtained from Banjarmasin samples (0.560 ± 0.0343 %w/w), followed by Barito Kuala (0.542 ± 0.0416 %w/w), whereas the lowest level was observed in Banjarbaru samples (0.431 ± 0.0261 %w/w). ATR-FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of albumin in all samples through the identification of characteristic amide I (~1650 cm⁻¹) and amide II (~1550 cm⁻¹) absorption bands. Statistical analysis indicated that differences in albumin levels among sampling locations were not statistically significant (p > 0.05), although numerical variations were observed and may be associated with environmental and habitat conditions. Overall, the combination of UV–Vis spectrophotometry and ATR-FTIR proved effective for the characterization and determination of albumin in Channa micropeltes.

Ikan toman (Channa micropeltes) merupakan ikan air tawar yang banyak ditemukan di Kalimantan dan dikenal memiliki nilai gizi tinggi, terutama kandungan albumin dan asam lemak omega-3. Namun, penelitian mengenai profil metabolit dan kadar albumin pada spesies ini masih terbatas dibandingkan dengan spesies ikan gabus lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil protein serta menentukan kadar albumin ikan toman yang berasal dari tiga wilayah di Kalimantan Selatan, yaitu Barito Kuala, Banjarmasin, dan Banjarbaru. Ekstraksi albumin dilakukan menggunakan metode Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction (UAE). Karakterisasi gugus fungsi protein dilakukan menggunakan spektroskopi ATR-FTIR pada rentang bilangan gelombang 4000–400 cm⁻¹, sedangkan penetapan kadar albumin secara kuantitatif dilakukan menggunakan spektrofotometri UV–Vis pada panjang gelombang 642 nm dengan pereaksi bromkresol hijau (BCG). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar albumin tertinggi diperoleh pada sampel dari Banjarmasin (0,560 ± 0,0343 %b/b), diikuti Barito Kuala (0,542 ± 0,0416 %b/b), sedangkan kadar terendah terdapat pada sampel dari Banjarbaru (0,431 ± 0,0261 %b/b). Analisis ATR-FTIR mengonfirmasi keberadaan albumin pada seluruh sampel melalui identifikasi pita serapan amida I (~1650 cm⁻¹) dan amida II (~1550 cm⁻¹). Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan kadar albumin antar wilayah tidak berbeda signifikan secara statistik (p > 0,05), meskipun terdapat variasi numerik yang diduga dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan dan habitat ikan. Secara keseluruhan, kombinasi metode spektrofotometri UV–Vis dan ATR-FTIR terbukti efektif untuk karakterisasi dan penetapan kadar albumin pada Channa micropeltes.