Effect of Atorvastatin Therapy on Blood Glucose Levels in Hospitalized Patients with Ischemic Stroke and Diabetes Mellitus / Pengaruh Terapi Atorvastatin terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik dengan Diabetes Melitus yang Dirawat di Rumah Sakit

Background: The use of atorvastatin in patients with stroke as a primary preventive therapy may be associated with an increased risk of elevated blood glucose levels. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of atorvastatin on changes in blood glucose levels in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods: An analytical observational study with a retrospective design was conducted among 28 hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke at Bhayangkara Hospital, Kediri City, from March to April 2024. Inclusion criteria comprised patients aged >15 years, with a history of diabetes mellitus, receiving atorvastatin therapy, and having available blood glucose data before and three days after treatment initiation. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk test to assess normality and the paired sample t-test to evaluate changes in blood glucose levels. Results: A total of 64,29% of patients experienced an increase in blood glucose levels; however, statistical analysis demonstrated no significant difference between blood glucose levels before and after atorvastatin administration (231.64 ± 99.039 vs 231.50 ± 61.425 mg/dL; Δ = −0.14 mg/dL; p= 0.993). Conclusion: Atorvastatin therapy was not associated with statistically significant changes in random blood glucose levels. However, the high proportion of patients with increased blood glucose warrants further prospective investigation.

Latar belakang: Penggunaan atorvastatin pada pasien stroke sebagai pencegahan primer dapat berisiko meningkatkan glukosa darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai pengaruh atorvastatin terhadap perubahan kadar gula darah pada pasien stroke iskemik. Metode:Penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain retrospektif dilakukan pada 28 pasien stroke iskemik rawat inap di RS Bhayangkara Kota Kediri periode Maret–April 2024. Kriteria inklusi meliputi pasien berusia >15 tahun, memiliki riwayat diabetes melitus, menerima atorvastatin, serta memiliki data kadar gula darah sebelum dan 3 hari setelah terapi. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Shapiro–Wilk untuk menilai normalitas dan uji paired sample t-test untuk menilai perubahan gula darah. Hasil: Sebanyak 64,29% pasien mengalami peningkatan gula darah, tetapi analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kadar gula darah sebelum dan sesudah pemberian atorvastatin (231,64 ± 99,039 vs 231,50 ± 61,425 mg/dL; Δ = –0,14 mg/dL; p = 0,993). Kesimpulan: Terapi atorvastatin tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik terhadap perubahan kadar glukosa darah acak. Meskipun demikian, tingginya proporsi pasien yang mengalami peningkatan kadar glukosa darah mengindikasikan perlunya penelitian prospektif dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar untuk mengonfirmasi temuan ini.