Comparative Study of Maceration and Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) on the Yield of Kalangkala (Litsea angulata) Leaf Extract / Studi Perbandingan Antara Maserasi dan Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) terhadap Hasil Ekstrak Daun Kalangkala (Litsea angulata)

Kalangkala (Litsea angulata) is an endemic plant of Kalimantan that has long been used in local traditional medicine to manage various health conditions. Phytochemical reports indicate that Kalangkala contains diverse secondary metabolites, including phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, steroids, and carotenoids. Therefore, selecting an appropriate extraction method is essential to maximize metabolite recovery while minimizing degradation. This experimental study compared the extraction yield of Kalangkala leaf extract obtained using maceration and ASE (Accelerated Solvent Extraction) methods. Each method was performed in three replicates and the percentage yield was calculated. Maceration produced yields of 2.10-2.18%, whereas ASE produced higher yields of 13.25-14.01%. the mean yield of maceration was 2.14 ± 0.04% (95% Cl: 2.04-2.24), while ASE achieved 13.64 ± 0.38% (95%Cl: 12.69-14.58). A two-tailed Welch’s t-test confirmed a statistically significant difference between methods (p = 0.00032), with a mean difference of 11.49% (95% Cl: 10.56-12.42). In conclusion, ASE provided a higher extraction yield than maceration under the conditions evaluated in this study.

Kalangkala (Litsea angulata) merupakan tanaman endemik Kalimantan yang telah dimanfaatkan masyarakat setempat dalam pengobatan tradisional untuk mengatasi berbagai kondisi kesehatan. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa Kalangkala mengandung beragam metabolit sekunder, antara lain senyawa fenolik, flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, saponin, terpenoid, steroid dan karotenoid. Oleh karena itu, pemilihan metode ekstraksi yang tepat penting untuk memaksimalkan perolehan metabolit sekaligus meminimalkan degradasi senyawa. Penelitian eksperimental ini membandingkan ekstrak daun Kalangkala yang diperoleh melalui metode maserasi dan ASE (Accelerated Solvent Extraction). Maisng-masing metode dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali replikasi dan rendemen dihitung sebagai persentase ekstrak terhadap bobot sampel. Maserasi menghasilkan rendemen 2,10-2,18%, sedangkan ASE menghasilkan rendemen yang lebih tinggi 13,25-14,01%. Rerata rendemen maserasi sebesar 2,14 ± 0,04% (95% Cl: 2,04-2,24), sementara ASE mencapai 13,64 ± 0,38% (95% Cl: 12,69-14,58). Two-tailed Welch’s t-test menunjukkana perbedaan rendemen yang bermakna secara statistik (p = 0,00032), dengan selisih rerata 11,49% (95% Cl: 10,56-12,42). Berdasarkan kondisi penelitian ini, metode ASE memberikan rendemen esktrak yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan metode maserasi.