Preliminary Validity of the Indonesian Version of the European Quality of Life Instrument (EQ-5D-5L) in Assessing the Quality of Life of Patients with Hepatitis B / Validitas Awal instrumen European Quality of Life (EQ-5D-5L) versi Indonesia pada kualitas hidup penderita hepatitis B

Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important aspect in the management of chronic diseases such as hepatitis B, considering the long disease course and the risk of complications including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The European Quality of Life instrument (EQ-5D-5L) is widely used globally to assess quality of life; however, psychometric evidence in patients with hepatitis B in Indonesia remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the preliminary validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the EQ-5D-5L among patients with hepatitis B in primary healthcare settings. This study employed an observational design with a cross-sectional approach involving 42 female patients with confirmed HBsAg positivity who participated in a hepatitis B early detection program at primary health centers in Banjarmasin City between April and October 2025. Data were collected using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire, the EQ visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS), and a demographic characteristics form. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, while construct validity was evaluated using item–total correlation with a significance threshold of r-table = 0.304. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 26. The results indicated that the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire demonstrated good internal consistency with a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.799. All items showed item–total correlations greater than the r-table value (0.304), indicating that all domains were valid. Correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between EQ-VAS scores and the EQ-5D-5L utility index (r = 0.669; p < 0.001), suggesting adequate construct validity. Within the limitations of this study, the Indonesian version of the EQ-5D-5L demonstrates potential as a tool for measuring quality of life among female patients with hepatitis B in primary healthcare settings.

Kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan merupakan aspek penting dalam penanganan penyakit kronis seperti hepatitis B, mengingat perjalanan penyakit yang panjang serta risiko komplikasi menuju sirosis dan karsinoma hepatoseluler. Instrumen European Quality of Life (EQ-5D-5L) banyak digunakan secara global untuk menilai kualitas hidup, namun bukti psikometrik pada populasi pasien hepatitis B di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi validitas awal dan reliabilitas instrumen EQ-5D-5L versi Indonesia pada pasien hepatitis B di layanan primer. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang melibatkan 42 pasien perempuan dengan HBsAg positif yang mengikuti program deteksi dini hepatitis B di Puskesmas Kota Banjarmasin periode April–Oktober 2025. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner EQ-5D-5L, EQ-VAS, dan formulir karakteristik demografi. Uji reliabilitas dinilai menggunakan Cronbach’s alpha, sedangkan uji validitas konstruk dievaluasi melalui korelasi item-total dengan batas signifikansi r tabel = 0.304. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan SPSS versi 26. Hasil kuesioner EQ-5D-5L menunjukkan konsistensi internal yang baik dengan nilai Cronbach’s alpha sebesar 0.799. Seluruh item menunjukkan korelasi item-total yang lebih besar dari nilai r tabel (0.304), sehingga seluruh domain dinyatakan valid. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara skor EQ-VAS dan EQ-indeks utilitas (r = 0.669; p < 0.001), yang mengindikasikan adanya validitas konstruk yang memadai. Dalam batasan penelitian ini, instrumen EQ-5D-5L versi Indonesia menunjukkan potensi sebagai alat ukur kualitas hidup pada pasien perempuan dengan hepatitis B di layanan primer.