Educational Interventions to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening Participation Among Women: A Systematic Review / Intervensi Edukatif Dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Skrining Kanker Serviks Pada Perempuan : A Systematic Review

Background: One of the most effective strategies for preventing cervical cancer is screening. In developing countries, the implementation and utilization of cervical cancer screening programs remain low. Educational interventions represent one strategy to increase participation in cervical cancer screening. Objective: This review aimed to identify educational interventions used to increase participation in cervical cancer screening. Methods: The inclusion criteria comprised studies that employed educational interventions to increase participation in cervical cancer screening. Literature searches were conducted in three databases—PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest—and one search engine, ScienceDirect, for publications from 2020 to 2025. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Methodological quality was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). Results: A total of 10 studies involving 3,882 women who participated in educational interventions for cervical cancer screening were included. All included studies reported that educational interventions—delivered through face-to-face or digital approaches, and based on behavioral theories, community-based education, and couple-based education—were associated with improvements in knowledge, attitudes, risk perception, self-efficacy, and participation in cervical cancer screening. Based on the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for RCTs, most studies demonstrated moderate to high methodological quality. Conclusion: Couple-based education and counselling demonstrate high potential for implementation in Indonesia. This educational approach may help address cultural barriers and limited family support, which are known to hinder participation in cervical cancer screening.

Latar Belakang: Strategi efektif untuk mencegah kanker serviks salah satunya adalah melalui skrining. Di negara berkembang, implementasi dan pemanfaatan program skrining kanker serviks masih rendah. Intervensi edukatif merupakan salah satu strategi untuk meningkatkan partisipasi dalam skrining kanker serviks. Tujuan: Tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi intervensi edukatif guna meningkatkan partisipasi dalam skrining kanker serviks. Metode: Kriteria inklusi meliputi penelitian yang menggunakan intervensi edukatif untuk meningkatkan partisipasi dalam skrining kanker serviks. Pencarian dilakukan dengan menelusuri tiga database, yaitu PubMed, Scopus, dan ProQuest, serta satu search engine, ScienceDirect, untuk publikasi tahun 2020 hingga 2025. Studi ini mengikuti pedoman Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Kualitas metodologi dievaluasi menggunakan JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for RCT. Hasil: Diperoleh 10 artikel dengan total 3.882 perempuan yang berpartisipasi dalam intervensi edukatif untuk skrining kanker serviks. Seluruh artikel yang dianalisis menunjukkan bahwa intervensi edukatif, baik melalui pendekatan tatap muka maupun teknologi digital, serta edukasi berbasis teori perilaku, berbasis komunitas, dan berbasis pasangan mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, persepsi risiko, self-efficacy, dan partisipasi dalam skrining kanker serviks. Berdasarkan penilaian menggunakan JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for RCT, sebagian besar studi menunjukkan kualitas metodologi yang sedang hingga tinggi. Kesimpulan: Intervensi berbasis pasangan (couple-based education and counselling) menunjukkan potensi yang tinggi untuk diterapkan di Indonesia. Pendekatan edukatif ini berpotensi mengatasi hambatan budaya dan kurangnya dukungan keluarga yang menjadi faktor penghambat dalam skrining kanker serviks.