Analysis of The Effectiveness of Nanocurcumin on TNF-α Expression and Lesion Diameter in Mice (Mus musculus) Induced with Endometriosis / Analisis Efektivitas Nanocurcumin Terhadap Ekspresi TNF-α Dan Diameter Lesi Pada Mencit (Mus musculus) Yang Diinduksi Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, which triggers local inflammation and lesion progression. The pathological process involves increased proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, and activation of proliferative and angiogenic pathways. Nanocurcumin, with higher bioavailability compared to conventional curcumin, is known to have the potential to modulate inflammation and inhibit ectopic tissue growth. This study aimed to analyze the effect of nanocurcumin at a dose of 10 mg/kgBW on TNF-α expression and endometriosis lesion diameter in endometriosis-induced mice. The laboratory experimental study used a post-test only control group design with three treatment groups (control, nanocurcumin after induction, and nanocurcumin before induction), each consisting of 10 mice. TNF-α expression was measured using the ELISA method, while lesion diameter was assessed macroscopically. Data analysis was performed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, Levene's homogeneity test, ANOVA, and Tukey's extended test. The results showed no significant difference in TNF-α levels between groups (p = 0.933). However, there was a significant difference in endometriosis lesion diameter (p < 0.001), with the nanocurcumin group showing the greatest lesion shrinkage compared to the control and other treatment groups. Nanocurcumin significantly reduced the diameter of endometriosis lesions in mice, although it did not significantly reduce serum TNF-α levels. These findings suggest that the therapeutic effects of nanocurcumin may be mediated through local mechanisms that are not fully reflected in serum biomarkers.

Endometriosis merupakan penyakit ginekologi kronis yang ditandai oleh pertumbuhan jaringan mirip endometrium di luar uterus, yang memicu inflamasi lokal dan progresi lesi. Proses patologisnya melibatkan peningkatan sitokin proinflamasi, termasuk TNF-α, serta aktivasi jalur proliferatif dan angiogenik. Nanocurcumin, dengan bioavailabilitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kurkumin konvensional, diketahui memiliki potensi modulasi inflamasi dan penghambatan pertumbuhan jaringan ektopik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh nanocurcumin dosis 10 mg/kgBB terhadap ekspresi TNF-α dan diameter lesi endometriosis pada mencit yang diinduksi endometriosis. Penelitian eksperimental laboratorium menggunakan desain post-test only control group dengan tiga kelompok perlakuan (kontrol, nanocurcumin setelah induksi, dan nanocurcumin sebelum induksi), masing-masing terdiri dari 10 mencit. Ekspresi TNF-α diukur menggunakan metode ELISA, sedangkan diameter lesi dinilai secara makroskopis. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji normalitas Shapiro–Wilk, homogenitas Levene, ANOVA, dan uji lanjut Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar TNF-α antar kelompok (p = 0,933). Namun, terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada diameter lesi endometriosis (p < 0,001), di mana kelompok nanocurcumin menunjukkan penyusutan lesi paling besar dibandingkan kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan lainnya. Nanocurcumin secara signifikan mengurangi diameter lesi endometriosis pada mencit, meskipun tidak menurunkan kadar TNF-α serum secara signifikan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa efek terapeutik nanocurcumin mungkin dimediasi melalui mekanisme lokal yang tidak sepenuhnya tercermin dalam biomarker serum,