Profile of Compliance and Correlation of Allopurinol Administration with Changes in Uric Acid Levels Among Patients at Bandar Khalifah Health Center, Percut Sei Tuan / Profil Kepatuhan dan Hubungan Pemberian Allopurinol dengan Perubahan Kadar Asam Urat pada Pasien di Puskesmas Bandar Khalifah, Percut Sei Tuan

Background: Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disorder that may lead to gout arthritis and complications if not optimally managed. Allopurinol is the first-line therapy, but treatment success is strongly influenced by patient adherence and achievement of target uric acid levels. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the adherence profile and the correlation of allopurinol administration with changes in uric acid levels among patients at Bandar Khalifah Primary Health Center. Methods: A prospective descriptive observational design was conducted on 55 patients receiving allopurinol therapy from February to April 2025. Data were collected from medical records, laboratory results, and the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) questionnaire. Results: Most patients (96%) experienced a reduction in uric acid levels, but the mean post-therapy level (6.46 mg/dL) remained above the target of <6 mg/dL. Mild adverse effects were reported in 14.5% of patients, while 85.5% had no complaints. High adherence was found in 54.5% of patients, moderate adherence in 30.9%, and low adherence in 14.6%. Conclusion: Allopurinol therapy demonstrated good clinical effectiveness and safety; however, dose optimization and regular monitoring are required, particularly in patients with low adherence or comorbidities, to achieve the recommended uric acid target.

Latar Belakang: Hiperurisemia merupakan gangguan metabolik yang dapat menyebabkan artritis gout dan komplikasi jika tidak ditangani optimal. Allopurinol adalah terapi lini pertama, namun keberhasilan pengobatan sangat dipengaruhi oleh kepatuhan pasien dan pencapaian target kadar asam urat. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil kepatuhan dan hubungan pemberian allopurinol terhadap perubahan kadar asam urat pada pasien di Puskesmas Bandar Khalifah. Metode: Desain observasional deskriptif prospektif dilakukan terhadap 55 pasien yang menjalani terapi allopurinol periode Februari–April 2025. Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medis, pemeriksaan laboratorium, dan kuesioner Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8). Hasil: Sebagian besar pasien (96%) mengalami penurunan kadar asam urat, namun rerata pascaterapi (6,46 mg/dL) masih di atas target <6 mg/dL. Efek samping ringan dilaporkan pada 14,5% pasien, sedangkan 85,5% tidak mengalami keluhan. Tingkat kepatuhan tinggi tercatat pada 54,5% pasien, sedang 30,9%, dan rendah 14,6%. Kesimpulan: Terapi allopurinol menunjukkan efektivitas klinis dan keamanan yang baik, tetapi diperlukan optimalisasi dosis serta pemantauan rutin, terutama pada pasien dengan kepatuhan rendah atau komorbiditas, guna mencapai target kadar asam urat yang direkomendasikan